Automated control of technological processes using the methods of mechanics during the movement of fruit and vegetable raw at the sorting device

Цвіркун, Людмила Олександрівна and Омельченко, Олександр Володимирович and Цвіркун, Сергій Леонідович (2022) Automated control of technological processes using the methods of mechanics during the movement of fruit and vegetable raw at the sorting device. Обладнання та технології харчових виробництв. pp. 34-47. ISSN 2079-4827

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Abstract

It is noted that fruit and vegetable raw materials must meet certain quality standards: be fresh, of sufficient maturity, for a certain variety of the appropriate shape and color, without signs of rot and mechanical damage. To ensure that some of these conditions are met, various automatic sorting and grading machines are used. It is believed that the reduction of damage to vegetables and fruits due to the minimum number of transitions and units of technological equipment will help improve the efficiency of the sorting process and the operation of equipment, increase competitiveness and product quality. As you know, apple fruits have a very wide range of varieties, so they have different colors and sizes. An automatic system for sorting apples of a certain variety by color, size and weight, namely the Golden and Granny Smith apple varieties, is proposed. This automated control system consists of a sorting device; video monitoring devices to ensure recognition of varieties from the received images; a measuring device for determining the size (d) and weight (m) of fruit and vegetable raw materials. To analyze the visual properties of apples, it is proposed to install an industrial color video camera. The received images of any apple transferred to the sorting device can be obtained and processed using the software. Attention is focused on the fact that with an increase in the initial speed of the object on the sorting device V0 and the time of movement of the object along the sloped surface t, the interval between apples increases by Sint. If the angle of installation to the horizon α is greater than the angle of friction of the object by the sloping surface, then the speed of objects on the sloping tray V and the interval between particles Sint increase with time. The maximum productivity of a single-layer supply of apples can be ensured by a continuous supply of fruit and vegetable raw materials. If the processed material is fed to the sorting device in a continuous (continuous) single-layer flow, then the path St0that the previous object will pass through the sloping surface until the object following it hits the chute will be equal to its size.

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